Algonquin College Health Program Assessment (AC-HPAT) Practice Exam

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What type of bond is formed between oxygen and hydrogen atoms in a water molecule?

  1. A nonpolar covalent bond

  2. A polar covalent bond

  3. A hydrogen bond

  4. An ionic bond

The correct answer is: A polar covalent bond

In a water molecule (H2O), the bond formed between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms is a polar covalent bond. This is because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, meaning it has a greater tendency to attract electrons. As a result, the electrons shared between oxygen and hydrogen are drawn closer to the oxygen atom, creating a partial negative charge on the oxygen and a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms. This unequal sharing of electrons results in the polar nature of the molecule, making it a polar covalent bond. The significance of this polar covalent bond is that it contributes to the unique properties of water, such as its solvent capabilities and high surface tension. This polarity also allows water molecules to form hydrogen bonds with each other and with other polar substances, which plays a crucial role in many biological processes.

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