Algonquin College Health Program Assessment (AC-HPAT) Practice Exam

What is the role of the digestive system?

1. To breakdown food, reabsorb water and nutrients, and eliminate waste

2. To transport oxygen throughout the body

3. To filter blood and produce hormones

4. To transmit nerve signals

The correct answer is: To breakdown food, reabsorb water and nutrients, and eliminate waste

The role of the digestive system is primarily focused on the breakdown of food, the reabsorption of water and nutrients, and the elimination of waste. This process begins in the mouth, where food is mechanically broken down and mixed with saliva, and continues through the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. Each part of the digestive tract has a specialized function that contributes to these overall objectives. In the stomach, food is mixed with gastric juices to further break it down into a semi-liquid form. The small intestine plays a crucial role, as it is where most nutrient absorption occurs—nutrients from digested food are absorbed into the bloodstream through the intestinal walls. Water is also reabsorbed in the large intestine, which is essential for maintaining hydration and electrolyte balance in the body. Finally, any undigested food and waste products are eliminated through the rectum. Understanding these functions emphasizes the complexity and importance of the digestive system in overall health and nutrition, as it not only provides the body with essential energy and nutrients but also helps manage waste effectively.