Algonquin College Health Program Assessment (AC-HPAT) Practice Exam

What is the function of the phloem?

1. Transporting water from roots to leaves

2. Transporting chemicals throughout the plant

3. Transporting sugars from leaves to other parts of the plant

4. Providing structural support to the plant

The correct answer is: Transporting sugars from leaves to other parts of the plant

The phloem is a type of vascular tissue in plants specifically designed for the transport of organic nutrients, primarily sugars produced through photosynthesis in the leaves. This function is crucial because it ensures that all parts of the plant, including roots, stems, and fruits, receive the necessary energy and building blocks for growth, development, and storage. In contrast, transporting water from roots to leaves is primarily the function of xylem, which is another type of vascular tissue responsible for conveying water and minerals. The role of transporting chemicals throughout the plant can pertain to various substances, but it's not the specific function of phloem, which focuses on sugars and other organic nutrients. Additionally, structural support in plants is largely provided by cell types like sclerenchyma and collenchyma, which contribute to the rigidity and support of the plant structure, rather than through the function of phloem. Thus, the defining role of phloem primarily pertains to the movement of sugars and is essential for the plant's energy distribution system.