Algonquin College Health Program Assessment (AC-HPAT) Practice Exam

What is it called when plaque builds up in the arteries?

1. Aneurysm

2. Arteriosclerosis

3. Atherosclerosis

4. Thrombosis

The correct answer is: Atherosclerosis

The buildup of plaque in the arteries is called atherosclerosis. This condition occurs when fatty deposits, cholesterol, and other substances accumulate on the arterial walls, leading to the narrowing and stiffening of the arteries. Over time, this can restrict blood flow and increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular issues. Atherosclerosis is particularly significant because it is a progressive disease that often starts early in life and can go unnoticed for many years. Factors such as poor diet, lack of exercise, smoking, and genetic predisposition can all contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. Recognizing and addressing this condition is vital for maintaining cardiovascular health. Understanding the other options provides further clarity: aneurysm refers to an abnormal bulge in a blood vessel wall, arteriosclerosis is a broader term that encompasses the hardening and thickening of arteries, and thrombosis denotes the formation of a blood clot within a blood vessel. While these conditions may be related, they do not specifically describe the plaque buildup seen in atherosclerosis.