Algonquin College Health Program Assessment (AC-HPAT) Practice Exam

What is a proton?

1. A fundamental building block of neutrons

2. A stable subatomic particle with a positive charge

3. A negatively charged subatomic particle

4. A type of chemical bond in molecules

The correct answer is: A stable subatomic particle with a positive charge

A proton is accurately defined as a stable subatomic particle with a positive charge. Protons are one of the primary constituents of an atom, alongside neutrons and electrons. They are located in the nucleus of an atom and play a critical role in determining the atomic number, which defines the identity of the element. The positive charge of protons is essential for the electrostatic forces that hold the atom together, as they attract negatively charged electrons while also contributing to the overall charge of the nucleus. This positive charge is fundamental to a variety of chemical properties and reactions, as the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus, influenced by the number of protons, determines how an atom interacts with others to form bonds. In contrast, the other options present concepts that do not accurately describe protons. Neutrons, while related to protons, are not building blocks of them; rather, both protons and neutrons are nucleons found in the atomic nucleus. Electrons, which are negatively charged, are distinct from protons and should not be confused with them. Similarly, chemical bonds pertain to the interactions between atoms and molecules rather than being a type of subatomic particle. Therefore, the description of a proton as a stable subatomic particle with a