Algonquin College Health Program Assessment (AC-HPAT) Practice Exam

What is a chromatid?

1. A strand of DNA that has no function in cell division

2. Each of the two threads into which a chromosome divides during cell division

3. A small protein that assists in DNA replication

4. A type of RNA involved in protein formation

The correct answer is: Each of the two threads into which a chromosome divides during cell division

The correct answer identifies a chromatid as each of the two threads into which a chromosome divides during cell division. This is a fundamental aspect of chromosomal behavior in the processes of mitosis and meiosis. During cell division, the chromosomes replicate so that each daughter cell will receive an identical set of chromosomes. Following replication, each chromosome consists of two identical sister chromatids, which are joined at a region called the centromere. When the cell divides, these sister chromatids separate and are pulled toward opposite poles of the cell, ensuring that each new cell has the same genetic material. This understanding of chromatids is critical for comprehending how genetic information is correctly distributed during cell division, which is essential in both normal growth and development, as well as in understanding various genetic diseases. The context of cell division highlights the significance of chromatids in maintaining genetic stability across generations of cells.