Algonquin College Health Program Assessment (AC-HPAT) Practice Exam

What defines a diploid cell?

1. A cell that contains one set of chromosomes

2. A cell that contains two sets of chromosomes

3. A cell that has lost its nucleus

4. A cell that cannot divide

The correct answer is: A cell that contains two sets of chromosomes

A diploid cell is defined as a cell that contains two sets of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent. In humans and many other organisms, diploid cells typically contain a total of 46 chromosomes, which are organized into 23 pairs. This configuration allows for genetic diversity through sexual reproduction, as offspring receive a combination of genes from both parents. In contrast, a haploid cell contains only one set of chromosomes, which is seen in gametes (sperm and egg cells). The definition of a diploid cell involves this pairing of chromosomes, underscoring its role in maintaining the normal chromosome number across generations during sexual reproduction. Understanding this concept is essential in genetics, as it explains the fundamental differences between types of cells and their roles in life cycles and inheritance patterns in organisms.